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Down Orange Welfare
Down Orange Welfare was an Ulster loyalist paramilitary vigilante group active in Northern Ireland during the 1970s. Operating in rural areas of County Down, the group faded after failing to win support away from larger groups such as the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) and Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF).
==Founding==
The group was established in 1972 by its commander, Lieutenant-Colonel Peter Brush and his deputy Herbert Heslip, both members of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP).〔(Abstracts on Organisations - 'D' )〕 Claiming to be linked to the Orange Order, the group was said to have 5,000 trained activists, many of whom were serving members of the security forces and former members of the Ulster Special Constabulary, commonly referred to as the "B Specials".〔 The group, which was highly conservative and élitist in nature, was strongest amongst the farming community of North Down.〔Peter Barberis, John McHugh, Mike Tyldesley, ''Encyclopedia of British and Irish Political Organizations: Parties, Groups and Movements of the 20th century'', Continuum International Publishing Group, 2000, p. 213〕 There were also a number of local small businessmen involved.〔("Religion and Violence: the Case of Paisley and Ulster Evangelicals". ''The Irish Association - Paper presented by Steve Bruce''. UK: University of Aberdeen. 11 October 2003 ) Retrieved 25 June 2012〕
The stated aim of Down Orange Welfare was to oppose both the growth of both Irish republicanism and socialism.〔 As such it has been portrayed as a "doomsday outfit" preparing itself to oppose any anticipated nationalist rebellion.〔Ed Moloney, ''Paisley: From Demagogue to Democrat?'', Poolbeg, 2008, p. 259〕 It formed part of the umbrella Ulster Army Council that was established in 1973.〔(Abstracts on Organisations - 'U' )〕 It also established contact with the National Front, a group that was also close to the Ulster Volunteer Force at the time.〔Nigel Fielding, ''The National Front'', Taylor & Francis, 1981, p. 182〕
It was active in the Ulster Workers' Council strike of May 1974 and members of the group blocked roads during the ensuing protests.〔W.D. Flackes & Sydney Elliott, ''Northern Ireland: A Political Directory 1968-1993'', The Blackstaff Press, 1994, p. 141〕 They were also involved in the less successful United Unionist Action Council (UUAC) strike of 1977.〔 The group declined after this second strike and disappeared soon afterwards.〔 Brush would disappear from public view along with the movement.〔Ciarán Ó Maoláin, ''The Radical Right: A World Directory'', Longman, 1987, p. 334〕
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